EXODUS
Introduction
“Now these things happened to them as an example, and they were
written for our instruction, upon whom the ends of the ages have
come” (1 Corinthians 10:11).
Overview of Exodus
•
Israelites are oppressed in Egypt (Exodus 1-2)
•
God calls Moses to lead them out of Egypt (Exodus 3-4)
•
Confrontation with Pharaoh / ten plagues (Exodus 5-12)
•
The exodus from Egypt (Exodus 12-13)
•
Final deliverance from Pharaoh / crossing the Red Sea
(Exodus 14)
•
Journey to Mount Sinai (Exodus 15-19)
•
The law is given to Moses (Exodus 20-31)
•
The golden calf (Exodus 32-34)
•
The construction of the tabernacle (Exodus 35-40)
History of Exodus
•
Jacob’s household had seventy in number when they came to
Egypt (Exodus 1:1-5; Genesis 46:26-27)
•
While the Egyptians suffered, the sons of Jacob prospered
(Genesis 47:13, 27)
•
Later, a king arose who oppressed the Israelites, saw them as
a threat (Exodus 1:8-10, 12)
•
Moses was raised in Pharaoh’s household, later chose to be
numbered with the sons of Israel (Exodus 2:10; cf. Hebrews
11:24-26)
•
When the Israelites were delivered from Egypt, they had been
in the land for 430 years (Exodus 12:40-41)
•
In 430 years, they had grown in number from 70 to about
600,000 men (Exodus 12:37); likely about 2 million total
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Connections Between Exodus and the New Testament
•
The Israelites were in slavery in Egypt (Exodus 2:23) –! we
were enslaved to sin (John 8:34)
•
Moses was designated as God’s prophet/spokesman (Exodus
3:12) –!Jesus is God’s spokesman today (Acts 3:22; Hebrews
1:2)
•
Moses delivered the people from bondage (Exodus 3:10) –
Jesus delivers us from the bondage of sin (John 8:31-32)
•
The Passover lamb and meal (Exodus 12:5-8) –! Jesus is our
Passover (1 Corinthians 5:7); observe the Lord’s Supper (1
Corinthians 11:23-26)
•
Redemption through the blood of the lamb (Exodus 13:13) –!
we are redeemed by the blood of the Lamb (1 Peter 1:18-19)
•
The Israelites were baptized into Moses (Exodus 14:21-22; 1
Corinthians 10:2) – we are baptized into Christ (Romans 6:3)
•
The Israelites were fed with manna in the wilderness (Exodus
16:4) – we are fed with the bread of life (John 6:48-51)
•
Moses delivered God’s law (Exodus 24:12; 31:18) – Jesus
delivered a new law (John 1:17; Hebrews 8:10,13)
•
The Israelites assembled at Mount Sinai (Exodus 19:1-2) –
Christians assemble at Mount Zion (Hebrews 12:18-24)
•
The tabernacle was constructed according to the pattern
(Exodus 25:40; 26:30) –!we are to serve God according to the
pattern He has given us (Hebrews 8:5; 2 Timothy 1:13)
This Study Will Be Divided into Four Sections:
1. Deliverance from Egypt (Exodus 1-12)
2. Coming to Mount Sinai (Exodus 13-24)
3. Instructions Regarding the Tabernacle (Exodus 25-31)
4. Construction of the Tabernacle (Exodus 32-40)
2 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
EXODUS 1
Israel Multiplies
“Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph. He said
to his people, ‘Behold, the people of the sons of Israel are more and
mightier than we. Come, let us deal wisely with them, or else they will
multiply and in the event of war, they will also join themselves to those
who hate us...” (Exodus 1:8-10).
The Israelites Multiply in Egypt (1:1-7)
•
A record of the sons of Israel (1:1-5)
•
Joseph, his brothers, and that generation died (1:6)
•
The sons of Israel increased in might and number (1:7)
Pharaoh Oppresses the People (1:8-14)
•
A new king arose that did not know Joseph (1:8)
•
The king saw the Israelites’ multiplying as a threat (1:9-10)
•
Pharaoh set taskmasters over them, afflicted them (1:11)
•
The more they were afflicted, the more they multiplied (1:12)
•
The Egyptians compelled the Israelites to labor rigorously,
made their lives bitter (1:13-14)
Pharaoh’s Plan to Kill the Infants (1:15-22)
•
Pharaoh instructed the Hebrew midwives to kill every male
that is born (1:15-16)
•
The midwives feared God, let the boys live (1:17)
•
Pharaoh questions the midwives (1:18-19)
•
God blesses the midwives (1:20-21)
•
Pharaoh commands that every son who is born is to be cast
into the Nile (1:22)
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Questions on Exodus 1:
Why did Pharaoh see the Israelites as a threat?
What did Pharaoh do to try to control the Israelites?
Why did God bless the midwives?
EXODUS 2
The Early Life of Moses
“Now it came about in the course of those many days that the king of
Egypt died. And the sons of Israel sighed because of the bondage, and
they cried out; and their cry for help because of their bondage rose up
to God” (Exodus 2:23).
The Birth of Moses (2:1-10)
•
Moses is born, hidden, placed in a basket in the river (2:1-4)
•
Pharaoh’s daughter finds him in the river (2:5-6)
•
Moses’ mother is hired to nurse him (2:7-9)
•
Moses grows, becomes the son of Pharaoh’s daughter (2:10)
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Moses Forced to Flee Egypt (2:11-15)
•
Moses sees an Egyptian beating a Hebrew, kills him (2:11-12)
•
Moses tries to stop a fight between two Hebrews (2:13)
•
Moses learns that others knew that he killed the Egyptian,
flees to Midian (2:14-15)
Moses Sojourns in Midian (2:16-22)
•
Moses helps the daughters of the priest of Midian water their
flock (2:16-17)
•
The daughters tell their father of what Moses did (2:18-19)
•
He invites Moses to eat with them (2:20)
•
Moses is given a wife, she gives birth to a son (2:21-22)
God Hears the Cry of the Israelites (2:23-25)
•
Pharaoh dies; Israel cries out because of their bondage (2:23)
•
God hears their cry, remembers His covenant with their
forefathers (2:24-25)
Questions on Exodus 2:
What tribe did Moses’ parents belong to?
How did Moses become the son of Pharaoh’s daughter?
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Why was Moses forced to flee Egypt?
What did God remember when He heard the Israelites’ cry?
Does this imply that God forgot something?
EXODUS 3
God Calls Moses to Lead His People
“The Lord said, ‘I have surely seen the affliction of My people who are
in Egypt, and have given heed to their cry because of their taskmasters,
for I am away of their sufferings. So I have come down to deliver them
from the power of the Egyptians, and to bring them up from that land
to a good and spacious land, to a land flowing with milk and honey, to
the place of the Canaanite...” (Exodus 3:7-8).
God Appears to Moses in the Burning Bush (3:1-9)
•
Moses is pasturing his father-in-law’s flock, comes to Mount
Horeb (3:1)
•
God calls to Moses from the burning bush (3:2-6)
•
God tells Moses He has seen the affliction of His people (3:7)
•
God tells of His plan to deliver them from Egypt and bring
them to the land of Canaan (3:8-9)
God Sends Moses to Egypt (3:10-22)
•
God tells Moses that He is sending him to Pharaoh (3:10)
•
Moses questions his ability, God promises to be with him
(3:11-12)
6 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
•
Moses wonders what he will tell the Israelites about who has
sent him, God responds (3:13-15)
•
God instructs Moses what to tell the Israelites (3:16-17)
•
God instructs Moses what to tell Pharaoh (3:18)
•
God tells Moses that Pharaoh will not listen, but will let the
people go after God performs His miracles (3:19-20)
•
God tells Moses how the Israelites will plunder the Egyptians
(3:21-22)
Questions on Exodus 3:
Where did God appear to Moses?
Where would the people worship after leaving Egypt?
How would God convince Pharaoh to let the people go?
How would the Israelites plunder the Egyptians?
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EXODUS 4
Moses Returns to Egypt
“Now the Lord said to Moses in Midian, ‘Go back to Egypt, for all the
men who were seeking your life are dead.’ So Moses took his wife and
his sons...and returned to the land of Egypt. Moses also took the staff
of God in his hand” (Exodus 4:19-20).
God Gives Signs as a Witness (4:1-9)
•
First sign: Moses’ staff becomes a serpent (4:1-5)
•
Second sign: Moses’ hand becomes leprous (4:6-8)
•
Third sign: Water would become blood (4:9)
Aaron to Speak for Moses (4:10-17)
•
Moses claims to be unable to deliver the message (4:10-13)
•
God tells Moses that his brother Aaron can speak for him
(4:14-16)
•
Moses told to take his staff to perform the signs (4:17)
Moses Departs for Egypt (4:18-31)
•
Moses receives his father-in-law’s blessing to depart (4:18)
•
God tells Moses to return, he obeys (4:19-20)
•
God tells Moses that Pharaoh would not let the people go
until the death of the firstborn (4:21-23)
•
Moses’ son is circumcised (4:24-26)
•
God tells Aaron to go and meet with Moses (4:27-28)
•
Moses and Aaron assemble with the elders; tell them about
God’s plan (4:29-30)
•
Moses performs signs; the people believe and worship God
(4:30-31)
8 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
Questions on Exodus 4:
What three signs did God give to Moses to show the people?
What was Moses’ final excuse? How did God respond?
When did God say that Pharaoh would let the people go?
Why was Moses’ son circumcised?
How did the Israelites respond to Moses’ message?
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EXODUS 5
Moses’ First Meeting with Pharaoh
“But Pharaoh said, ‘Who is the Lord that I should obey His voice to
let Israel go? I do not know the Lord, and besides, I will not let Israel
go” (Exodus 5:2).
Pharaoh Increases Israel’s Labor (5:1-19)
•
Moses delivers God’s message to Pharaoh (5:1)
•
Pharaoh refuses to let the people go (5:2-4)
•
Pharaoh instructs the taskmasters to no longer provide straw,
yet demand the same quota of bricks (5:5-9)
•
The taskmasters enforce Pharaoh’s command (5:10-14)
•
The people protest their treatment (5:15-16)
•
Pharaoh charges the people with laziness, defends his order
(5:17-19)
Moses Questions God About His Mission (5:20-23)
•
The foremen of Israel blame Moses and Aaron for their poor
treatment (5:20-21)
•
Moses asks God why He sent him (5:22-23)
Questions on Exodus 5:
Why did Moses and Aaron ask for the people to be allowed to
leave?
How long did they propose to be gone?
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After receiving the request, what did Pharaoh conclude about
the people?
What change did Pharaoh make to their labor?
How did the people respond to Moses and Aaron?
EXODUS 6
God Promises to Deliver Israel
“Then the Lord said to Moses, ‘Now you shall see what I will do to
Pharaoh; for under compulsion he will let them go, and under
compulsion he will drive them out of his land’” (Exodus 6:1).
God Sends Moses to Speak to Israel (6:1-9)
•
God says that Pharaoh will be compelled to let the people go
(6:1)
•
God reminds Moses of the covenant (6:2-4)
•
God reminds Moses how He heard Israel’s groaning (6:5)
•
God instructs Moses to tell the people that they would be
delivered from Egypt, brought to Canaan (6:6-8)
•
Moses delivers the message; the people do not listen (6:9)
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God Sends Moses Back to Pharaoh (6:10-13)
•
God tells Moses to tell Pharaoh to let the people go (6:10)
•
Moses protests, citing the refusal of Israel to listen (6:11-12)
•
God sends Moses and Aaron (6:13)
The Heads of Israel (6:14-30)
•
Record of the heads of the fathers’ households (6:14-27)
•
God again tells Moses to go to Pharaoh (6:28-29)
•
Moses protests, citing his alleged poor speaking ability (6:30)
Questions on Exodus 6:
What does God say about Pharaoh’s willingness once he finally
lets the people go?
After delivering them from Egypt, where does God promise to
bring the Israelites?
What excuse did Moses try to use regarding his speech?
12 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
EXODUS 7
The Beginning of the Plagues
“But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart that I may multiply My signs and
My wonders in the land of Egypt. When Pharaoh does not listen to
you, then I will lay My hand on Egypt and bring out My hosts, My
people the sons of Israel, from the land of Egypt by great
judgments” (Exodus 7:3-4).
God Promises to Harden Pharaoh’s Heart (7:1-7)
•
God says He will make Moses as God to Pharaoh (7:1-2)
•
God says He will harden Pharaoh’s heart in order to display
His signs in Egypt (7:3-4)
•
The Egyptians would know that God was the Lord (7:5)
•
Moses and Aaron obeyed God (7:6-7)
Aaron’s Rod Becomes a Serpent (7:8-13)
•
God tells Moses and Aaron of the miracle to be performed of
his staff becoming a serpent (7:9)
•
Moses and Aaron come to Pharaoh, work the miracle (7:10)
•
Pharaoh’s wise men and sorcerers produce a similar
“miracle” (7:11-12)
•
Pharaoh’s heart was hardened; refuses to listen (7:13)
Plague #1: Water is Turned to Blood
•
God sends Moses to meet Pharaoh; explains how the water
of the Nile would be turned to blood (7:14-19)
•
Moses and Aaron do what God instructed; turn the water to
blood (7:20-21)
•
Pharaoh’s magicians perform a similar “miracle” (7:22)
•
Pharaoh departs, unconcerned (7:23)
•
The Egyptians were forced to dig for water because of the
miracle (7:24-25)
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Questions on Exodus 7:
In what way did the Lord make Moses “as God” to Pharaoh?
What would the people of Egypt learn as they saw the plagues?
What was different about Aaron’s staff and staffs of Pharaoh’s
sorcerers?
Besides the Nile river, where else was water turned into blood?
How long did this plague last?
14 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
EXODUS 8
The Plagues Continue
“The Lord did as Moses asked, and removed the swarms of flies from
Pharaoh, from his servants and from his people; not one remained. But
Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also, and he did not let the
people go” (Exodus 8:31-32).
Plague #2: Frogs (8:1-15)
•
God threatens Pharaoh with a plague of frogs (8:1-4)
•
God sends frogs to cover the land (8:5-6)
•
Pharaoh’s magicians perform a similar “miracle” (8:7)
•
Pharaoh asks Moses and Aaron to ask the Lord to remove
the frogs from the land (8:8-11)
•
Moses asks the Lord to remove the frogs; they die (8:12-14)
•
Pharaoh hardens his heart; refuses to listen (8:15)
Plague #3: Gnats (8:16-19)
•
God instructs Moses and Aaron regarding the plague of
gnats; they cover the land of Egypt (8:16-17)
•
Pharaoh’s magicians are unable to copy the miracle (8:18)
•
The magicians acknowledge God’s work in this; Pharaoh
hardened his heart and would not listen (8:19)
Plague #4: Flies (8:20-32)
•
God sends Moses to Pharaoh, warns of the plague of flies
(8:20-21)
•
God makes a division between the Israelites in Goshen and
the rest of Egypt (8:22023)
•
God sends the plague of flies (8:24)
•
Pharaoh allows the people to sacrifice to God within Egypt,
Moses explains why they would not do this (8:25-27)
•
Pharaoh allows them to go a short distance; requests that
they ask God to remove the flies (8:28)
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•
Moses agrees, makes supplication to the Lord; God removes
the flies (8:29-31)
•
Pharaoh hardens his heart; refuses to let the people go (8:32)
Questions on Exodus 8:
What did the magicians do in response to the plague of frogs?
Who did Pharaoh ask to remove the frogs? Why?
What did the magicians conclude when they could not copy
the plague of gnats/lice?
What division was made in the land during the plague of flies?
What compromise did Pharaoh propose? Why did Moses reject
it?
16 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
EXODUS 9
More Plagues
“But when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunder
had ceased, he sinned again and hardened his heart, he and his
servants” (Exodus 9:34).
Plague #5: Death of the Livestock (9:1-7)
•
God sends Moses back to Pharaoh, warns of the pestilence
on Egypt’s livestock (9:1-3)
•
God indicates that there would be a distinction between the
livestock of Israel and Egypt (9:4)
•
God indicates the time when this plague would occur (9:5)
•
God sends the plague; Pharaoh’s heart was hardened (9:6-7)
Plague #6: Boils (9:8-12)
•
God instructs Moses to take handfuls of soot, throw them to
the sky in the sight of Pharaoh, and then God would cause
boils throughout the land (9:8-9)
•
Moses obeys; God sends the plague of boils (9:10-11)
•
The Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart (9:12)
Plague #7: Hail (9:13-35)
•
God sends Moses back to Pharaoh with instructions to tell
him to let the people go (9:13-15)
•
God indicates His superiority over Pharaoh (9:16-17)
•
God warns of the plague of hail, giving Pharaoh’s servants a
chance to be spared (9:18-21)
•
God sends hail over Egypt; spares Goshen (9:22-26)
•
Pharaoh sends for Moses and Aaron; asks them to entreat
God to stop the plague (9:27-28)
•
Moses responds; appeals to God to stop the plague (9:29-33)
•
Pharaoh sees the plague end and hardens his heart (9:34-35)
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Questions on Exodus 9:
If the Egyptians’ livestock was destroyed in the pestilence (v. 6),
what livestock were afflicted with the boils and hail (v. 9, 25)?
Why did God allow Pharaoh to remain in power?
Who was spared from the plague of hail?
Did Moses believe Pharaoh was truly penitent?
18 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
EXODUS 10
Two More Plagues
“Pharaoh said to him, ‘Get away from me! Beware, do not see my face
again, for in the day you see my face you shall die!’ Moses said, ‘You
are right; I shall never see your face again!’” (Exodus 10:28-29).
Plague #8: Locusts (10:1-20)
•
God explains to Moses why He hardened Pharaoh’s heart
(10:1-2)
•
Moses and Aaron return to Pharaoh, threaten him with the
plague of locusts (10:3-6)
•
Pharaoh’s servants advise him to let the people go (10:7)
•
Pharaoh offers to let only the men go; Moses refuses the
compromise (10:8-11)
•
God sends the plague of locusts upon the land (10:12-15)
•
Pharaoh quickly calls for Moses and Aaron; asks that they
entreat the Lord to stop the plague (10:16-17)
•
The plague ends; God hardens Pharaoh’s heart (10:18-20)
Plague #9: Darkness (10:21-29)
•
God sends the plague of darkness; Israelites are unaffected
(10:21-23)
•
Pharaoh calls for Moses; offers to let all the people go, but
not the livestock; Moses refuses (10:24-26)
•
God hardens Pharaoh’s heart; Pharaoh sends Moses away,
warns him not to come before him again (10:27-29)
Questions on Exodus 10:
What were the Israelites to tell their sons and grandsons?
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Why did Pharaoh’s servants advise him to let the people go?
Before the plague of locusts, who was granted permission to
leave Egypt?
How long did the plague of darkness last?
After the plague of darkness, who was granted permission to
leave Egypt?
What did Pharaoh say would happen if he saw Moses again?
20 | Exodus Study Guide #1 (Chapters 1-12)
EXODUS 11
The Final Plague
“One more plague I will bring on Pharaoh and on Egypt; after that he
will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will surely drive you
out from here completely” (Exodus 11:1).
God Tells Moses of the Last Plague (11:1-8)
•
God tells Moses that the final plague will cause Pharaoh to
drive them out of Egypt (11:1)
•
God gives instructions for plundering the Egyptians (11:2-3)
•
Moses tells the Israelites of the final plague (11:4-6)
•
Moses tells them that they will be spared (11:7)
•
After the last plague, the Egyptians would urge the Israelites
to leave (11:8)
Summary of the Most Recent Events (11:8-10)
•
Moses departed from Pharaoh’s presence (11:8)
•
God told Moses that Pharaoh’s refusal to listen would result
in God’s wonders being multiplied in Egypt (11:9)
•
Moses and Aaron performed signs; the Lord hardened
Pharaoh’s heart (11:10)
Questions on Exodus 11:
What were the Israelites to ask of their Egyptian neighbors?
What was the final plague and who was affected?
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EXODUS 12
The Passover and the Exodus
“Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel and said to them, ‘Go
and take for yourselves lambs according to your families, and slay the
Passover lamb” (Exodus 12:21).
The Passover Lamb (12:1-13)
•
God establishes a new calendar for His people (12:1-2)
•
The Passover was to be observed on the tenth day of the first
month (12:3)
•
Provisions for households too small for a lamb (12:4)
•
Instructions about the killing and eating of the lamb (12:5-10)
•
They were to eat the meal in haste, ready to depart (12:11)
•
God explains that the final plague is judgment against all the
gods of Egypt (12:12)
•
God explains the sign of blood on the houses (12:13)
The Feast of Unleavened Bread (12:14-28)
•
God gives instructions regarding the feast of unleavened
bread (12:14-20)
•
Moses calls for the elders of Israel, gives them instructions
about the Passover (12:21-23)
•
Moses tells them that this would be observed by future
generations (12:24-27)
•
The sons of Israel did as the Lord instructed (12:28)
The Death of the Firstborn (12:29-32)
•
The Lord struck all the firstborn in Egypt (12:29)
•
Pharaoh and the Egyptians discover what happened and go
into mourning (12:30)
•
Pharaoh calls for Moses and Aaron, tells them to leave Egypt
(12:31-32)
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The Exodus from Egypt (12:33-41)
•
The Egyptians urge the Israelites to leave (12:33)
•
The Israelites take their dough and kneading bowls (12:34)
•
God helps the Israelites plunder the Egyptians (12:35-36)
•
The Israelites leave with 600,000 men, plus women and
children (12:37)
•
A mixed multitude leave with them (12:38)
•
The Israelites bake unleavened bread for the journey (12:39)
•
The sons of Israel were in Egypt 430 years (12:40-41)
The Ordinance of the Passover (12:42-51)
•
A night for the Passover to be observed (12:42)
•
Instructions regarding the Passover’s observance (12:43-49)
•
The sons of Israel did as the Lord instructed (12:50-51)
Questions on Exodus 12:
If a household was too small for their own lamb, what were
they to do?
What were the Israelites to put on their doorposts? Why?
How long was the feast of unleavened bread to last?
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What were the Israelites to say when their children questioned
them about this observance?
How did the Israelites plunder the Egyptians?
How many Israelites left Egypt?
How long had the sons of Israel lived in Egypt?
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