5. Generous use of bullet lists. Giving audiences
text to read interferes with listening to the
presenter (reading and listening are processed on
the same side of the brain).
6. Interior slides are mostly text. Easier to type text
than take the eff ort to fi nd or create useful
visuals.
7. Clip art. Cheesy, sub-optimal.
8. Low-resolution (fuzzy) visuals. Often downloaded.
9. Presenter reads from slides. Reveals a lack of
rehearsal and unfamiliarity with the topic.
10. No handout that documents the presentation for
the audience. Default printout of slides has poor
resolution as visuals are reduced in size.
5. No bullet points. Visuals instead. OK to have
some text, as in labels or an assertion at the top,
left of the slide. That assertion is supported by
visual evidence. Visuals are processed by our
brains diff erently than reading and listening, so
we can process visuals while listening to
presenters.
6. Mostly visuals. Visuals for a visual medium
(slides).
7. Original art, photos.
8. High-resolution visuals. Original or from image
libraries.
9. Presenter does not focus on screen, looks at
audience. Reveals rehearsal and familiarity with
the topic.
10. Paper handout (one sheet, duplexed?) with
takeaways of the presentation. Can add notes
to slides in the Normal mode of PP. Handouts
accommodate people unable to attend the pre-
sentation and attendees who want copies. These
post-presentation audiences view the slides/
handout without listening to the live presenter.
Title slide, 16:9 ratio, widescreen
Interior slide, 16:9 ratio
Title slide, 4:3 ratio, PP default
Interior slide, 4:3 ratio
ineff ective
eff ective
Robert Herkenham
Robert Herkenham
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