DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HYDRAULIC CYLINDER USING

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 08 Issue: 03 | Mar 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

DUCTILE CAST IRON

G. Senthil Kumar

, Mariya Sunil Joshi.A

, NARENDRAN.K

Raveendar. V

Assistant Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Panimalar Institute of Technology

Abstract: Nowadays, Machineries development is

very fast growing for fast work convenient

environment. Proper mixing of raw materials is

important task in any construction, for that use latest

equipment which are mechanically and hydraulically

combined operated mostly. Design of hydraulic

cylinder and analysis is one of them which are operated

by two prime movers one prime movers is use of

hydraulic system operation for operating the hoper and

other for operating drum for proper mixing of concrete.

The work presented here in is mainly divided into the

three chapters. The first chapter introduces the

concrete benching mixing machine with problem

formulation and provides motivation for the project.

The second chapter presents the current state of

mixing machine research as presented in the form of

scientific literature review.

Key Words: : Hydraulic Cylinder, Hydraulic Actuator,

Hydraulic Barrel, Cast iron Barrel , Cast iron Actuator,

Cast iron Cylinder.

1. INTRODUCTION:

A hydraulic cylinder is a complicated mechanical system

that are used to provide linear force action and motion.

Hydraulic cylinders are powered from externally

pressurized hydraulic fluid. They are commonly used in

equipment’s and machinery. It consists mainly of cylinder

barrel, piston and cylinder rod. The piston reciprocates

producing linear force with compression and tension

forces perfectly align in the rod’s axial direction.

The aim of this study is to analysis one such implement

mechanism to find out the maximum tensile load that

comes on the piston-rod joint and required preload for no

joint separation. The calculated tensile and pretension

loads are applied on synthesized piston-rod concepts that

are considered for analysis in order to find out the most

suitable joint and suitable materials with good properties

with low cost which would withstand the worst case

hydraulic cylinder bottoming-up created by the implement

mechanism.

1.1 Uses of Hydraulic Cylinder:

Hydraulic Cylinder ‘s are used in various applications. They

are often seen at work in both industrial and (including

hydraulic presses, cranes , forges, and packaging materials,

and mobile applications (such as agricultural machines ,

construction vehicles and marine equipment). They’re

essential to the operation of excavators, loaders , ballers,

telehandlers, man-lifts, drill -rigs, and dump trucks, not to

mention operating booms, arms , lifts, platforms, and

buckets. Hydraulic cylinders are the most effective and

efficient method of pushing , pulling, lifting and lowering.

1.2 Objectives of Hydraulic Cylinder:

➢ To analyze various material and select suitable one

for the hydraulic cylinder in JCB.

➢ To reduce the cost of the cylinder to affordable price.

➢ To make cylinder to withstand high stress and strain.

➢ To increase the overall strength and power.

➢ To withstand the maximum equivalent stress.

➢ To reduce the principle elastic strain acting upon the

cylinder.

1.3 Hydraulic Cylinder using Ductile Cast Iron: -

Cast iron has many advantages that make it ideal for

hydraulics and pneumatics. The self-lubricating properties

of continuous cast iron help create cylinders that can stand

up to years of reciprocation. Cast iron is an ideal material

for use in fluid power applications that demand high

volumes of cycles.

Beyond its favorable frictional characteristics, continuous

cast iron is metallurgically superior. A cylinder machined

from continuous cast iron will be more durable than sand

cast or steel components due to the fact that continuous

cast iron solidifies at a much more uniform rate.

2345

U.G Students, Dept Of Mechanical Engineering, Panimalar Institute of Technology

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 08 Issue: 03 | Mar 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

2. Material Selection:

Based on the availability, cost and mechanical properties, I

decided to make the Hydraulic Cylinder using Ductile Cast

Iron as per the material I mention below.

Material Selected: Ductile Cast Iron

Performance Index

For the tube design, the best materials should be one with

a good strength, light weight and modest cost. So the

following properties of each materials will be analyzed

against material properties which needed to be maximized

and minimized.

 Tensile Strength

 Density

 Price

COMPOSITON

 Carbon = 3.2 – 3.60%

 Silicon = 2.2 – 2.8%

 Manganese = 0.1 – 0.2%

 Magnesium = 0.03 – 0.04%

 Phosphorus = 0.005 – 0.04%

 Sulfur = 0.005 – 0.02%

 Copper = <0.40%

 Iron = balance

Calculation

(a). To minimize the weight, for a strength design.

performance index = Tensile Strength

(Mpa)/density(g/cm^3).

For, Stainless steel 304 = 520/8 = 65

For, Ductile Cast iron 60-4018 = 414/7.05 = 58

(b). To minimize cost for a strength design.

 Performance Index = Tensile Strength (Mpa)/Cost

per kg (Rs)

 For, stainless steel 304 = 520/195 = 2.66

 For, Ductile Cast Iron 60-4018 = 414/65 = 7

 Indian Mart = 2800/piece

 Quality Hydraulic = 2350/piece

 Exporters India = 2600/piece

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 08 Issue: 03 | Mar 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Analysis

Fig.1: Fluent Analysis

Fig.2. Microstructure of Ductile Cast Iron

PROPERTIES:

 Ductile cast iron has high wear resistance.

 It’s better for machining like drilling, welding.

 Low in Cost.

 Low in maintenance cost.

 It’s Hard and brittle.

 More fusible than stainless steel.

3. CONCLUSIONS

➢

From the design and analysis of double acting hydraulic

cylinder. It is clearly visible that ductile cast iron 60-4018

is better material that stainless steel 304 for the usage in

JCB .

➢Cost is the main deciding factor among other factors

which differs the both materials effectively.

➢ By comparing both materials properties, advantages

and cost, we recommend ductile cost iron 60-4018 instead

of stainless steel 304 in JCB.

REFERENCES:

[1] Jack, Hitesh Prajapati, Vivek Patel, Amit Patel,

Problems In Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics | Vol. 5,

Issue 05, 2017.

[2] Robert. J, Houghtalen. A, Osman. H, Yogita Chauhan,

Madhvi Sharma, “Fundaments Of Hydraulic Engineering

Systems, Volume 05, Issue 02, Feb 2018

[3] Grant Ingram, Mr. R.Shiva Kumar, Mr. S. Suhas Mr. N.

Sai Charan, Mr. Alapati Bharga”A Textbook Of Fluid

Mechanics And Hydraulic Machines, IJRI-International

Journal Of Resarch And Innovation.

AUTHORS

Mr. Raveendar is pursing B.E

Mechanical Engineering In

Panimalar Institute Of Technology.

Mr. Mariya Sunil Joshi. A is pusring

B.E Mechanical Engineering in

Panimalar Institute Of Technology

Mr.Narendran.K is pursing B.E

Mechanical Engineering in

Panimalar Institute Of Technolgy.

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